Industrialized nations have seen an increase in the number of women working outside the home since the industrial revolution, with the 20th century seeing especially large increases. Women in the workforce are generally viewed as a boon for industrial society because they boost the gross domestic product as well as reduce labor costs by increasing the labor supply.
Currently, they constitute a third of the total labor force. In terms of labor participation, women's participation increased from 37.2 percent in 1970 to 46.7 percent in 1990. In the rural and agricultural sectors, women continue to be an important factor. Female employment has also increased significantly in the manufacturing sector, especially in the textile and electronics sectors. In the service sector such as community, social, private, and public services, women's participation is also increasing.
From 2010 to 2017, men's LFPR remained stable, while women's LFPR increased by 8.0 percentage points from 45.5% to 53.5%, which is nine times higher than the 0.9 percentage point increase from 1995 to 2010. Therefore, the gender gap in LFPR has narrowed by 23.7% in just seven years. However, this gap remains quite large internationally. As shown in Diagram 2, Malaysia had the second-largest gender participation gap among selected countries in 2017.
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